Gasoline theft is the crime of stealing gasoline. The theft can occur from a variety of sources, including vehicle fuel tanks, gas station pumps, and industrial pipelines. The methods used by thieves range from traditional siphoning and destructive tank puncturing to sophisticated electronic manipulation of fuel pumps.
As a high-value commodity, gasoline is a frequent target for theft, which has a significant economic impact. In Greece, for example, annual losses from fuel theft are estimated to be around 120 million euros. The crime is often correlated with fluctuations in fuel prices and can involve everyone from opportunistic individuals to large-scale organized crime rings. In Great Britain, police recorded a 77% surge in incidents of drivers leaving filling stations without paying for fuel in a single year, highlighting the growing scale of the problem.For commercial vehicle fleets, preventing fuel theft is a major aspect of fleet management, leading to the widespread adoption of telematics and other fuel-management systems to monitor and secure fuel supplies.
For commercial fleets, where fuel is a major operational cost, fuel theft is a significant operational concern managed through a combination of physical deterrents and advanced technology. Internal fraud, such as the misuse of company fuel cards or drivers siphoning fuel to sell, is also a concern.
Prevention and monitoring strategies are important components of modern fleet management and a key area of fleet digitalization. A common technology used is telematics, which integrates a GPS tracking unit with various on-board sensors to provide real-time data on the vehicle's status. These fuel-management systems can automatically monitor fuel levels using a fuel level sensor and are designed to detect theft by:
In addition to telematics, companies often employ physical security measures such as locking fuel caps and installing anti-siphoning devices that prevent a hose from being inserted into the tank. These technologies and practices help to reduce costs, prevent fraud, and improve the overall efficiency of fleet operations. While some thieves have turned to high-tech electronic devices to steal fuel, these are typically used to trick gas station pumps into dispensing fuel without payment, rather than to steal directly from vehicle tanks.
With typical gas thefts costing station owners in the range of $50 per incident, many stores have fought back by installing better video equipment and requiring prepayment.
Since the oil price increases after 2004, a surge in fuel theft has occurred, which has included license plate thefts (when gasoline is stolen with the vehicle having the original tags and the vehicle tags identifying the registered owner).
Organized crime and local people are often involved.
Illegal taps have caused leaks and explosions such as the following:
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